4. Literature Review

Photogrammetry

• Sharma et al. explored the use of UAV-assisted photogrammetry for urban modeling in Indian cities, the study emphasized the development of 3d geometries using open-source platforms to address the lack of digitized urban data in developing cities, using a UAV to capture high-resolution images and using them to create a semantic 3d models.

  Cited Work: Sharma, K., Rawal, R.m Fennell, P., Mathur, A.,& Ruyssevelt, P. (2020) - developing a 3D geometry for urban energy modeling of Indian cities

• Tiwari et al. evaluated open-source photogrammetry software such as Meshlab for reconstructing urban features in Uttarakhand, India. Their study assessed the accuracy and quality of free tools in generating detailed point cloud models, highlighting their feasibility for low-cost applications in developing regions.

  Cited Work: Tiwari, P.S., Pande, H., & Raghavendra, S. (2017). Evaluating the quality of free and open-source software for digital photogrammetric applications.

• Khairnar explored photogrammetry’s role in cultural heritage preservation in India. By using laser scanning and photogrammetry, the study reconstructed accurate 3D models of heritage sites, emphasizing the importance of these tools for conservation efforts.

  Cited Work: Khairnar, S. (2019). Ground-Based 3D Modelling for Heritage Documentation in India.

• Kulshreshtha introduced "Trivim," an Indian-developed open-source software for photogrammetry. It showcased capabilities for dense point cloud generation and building facade modeling. The tool demonstrated compatibility with smaller-scale projects and provided a cost-effective alternative to proprietary software.

  Cited Work: Kulshreshtha, T. (2022). 3-D Mapping and Visualization using Trivim.

• -Nežerka and Zbirovský explored the potential of open-source tools for automating the conversion of large-scale point clouds into Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) formats. Their study highlights the scalability and flexibility of open-source tools like Cloud2BIM for handling complex building geometries. The workflow emphasizes dense image matching and point cloud generation, similar to the structure-from-motion (SfM) process used in Meshroom. This demonstrates the versatility of photogrammetry pipelines in managing diverse architectural scenarios.

  Cited Work: Nežerka, V., & Zbirovský, S. Cloud2BIM: An Open-Source Automatic Pipeline for Efficient Conversion of Large-Scale Point Clouds into IFC Format. SSRN.

GIS

• -The study proposes a methodology for community participation in the design and development of a campus GIS web map, utilizing a web-based geoform to gather perceptions of the campus area. GIS processing results in heat and hotspot maps, identifying the most and least attractive areas of WUST campus, along with the functional and visual reasons for these perceptions. The study involves over 500 participants in the first survey and over 300 in the second, deemed representative of the academic community. Despite some limitations in data quality control, the study highlights the effectiveness of mobile and web-based GIS for participatory mapping and community inclusion.

  Cited work: Jan Blachowski1, Jakub Łuczak1 and Paulina Zagrodnik- Participatory GIS in design of the Wroclaw University of Science and Technology campus web map and spatial analysis of campus area quality.

• -This study by Abdurrahman proposes a Campus Information System for Erciyes University that integrates both graphical and non-graphical data, resembling an urban information system. A 3D application was implemented, showcasing the campus buildings and made accessible online. The system is designed to be user-friendly, open to updates, and capable of conducting various analyses. Future developments could include multi-level 3D representations of campus faculties and the creation of tools for semi-automated CAD model processing and enhanced user interaction.

  Cited work: Abdurrahman Geymen- Interactive web-based campus information system