chore(go/adbc): bump minimum version to go1.21, update deps #202

Job	Run time
check (macOS, adbcdrivermanager) / r-check	2m 30s
check (macOS, adbcflightsql) / r-check	2m 50s
check (macOS, adbcpostgresql) / r-check	2m 48s
check (macOS, adbcsnowflake) / r-check	5m 18s
check (macOS, adbcsqlite) / r-check	2m 41s
check (ubuntu, adbcdrivermanager) / r-check	1m 40s
check (ubuntu, adbcflightsql) / r-check	3m 53s
check (ubuntu, adbcsnowflake) / r-check	2m 53s
check (ubuntu, adbcpostgresql) / r-check	2m 17s
check (ubuntu, adbcsqlite) / r-check	1m 34s
check (windows, adbcdrivermanager) / r-check	4m 44s
check (windows, adbcflightsql) / r-check	6m 26s
check (windows, adbcpostgresql) / r-check	6m 46s
check (windows, adbcsnowflake) / r-check	8m 55s
check (windows, adbcsqlite) / r-check	4m 26s
	59m 41s

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