[SPARK-47827][PYTHON] Missing warnings for deprecated features

### What changes were proposed in this pull request?

This PR proposes to add missing warnings for deprecated features

### Why are the changes needed?

Some APIs will be removed so we should provide proper warnings when users try using it

### Does this PR introduce _any_ user-facing change?

No API changes, but the deprecated APIs now shows proper warnings

### How was this patch tested?

The existing CI should pass.

### Was this patch authored or co-authored using generative AI tooling?

No.

Closes apache#46021 from itholic/SPARK-47827.

Authored-by: Haejoon Lee <haejoon.lee@databricks.com>
Signed-off-by: Hyukjin Kwon <gurwls223@apache.org>

Author: itholic

python/pyspark/sql/connect/catalog.py

@@ -166,6 +166,12 @@ def listFunctions(
     listFunctions.__doc__ = PySparkCatalog.listFunctions.__doc__
 
     def functionExists(self, functionName: str, dbName: Optional[str] = None) -> bool:
+        if dbName is not None:
+            warnings.warn(
+                "`dbName` has been deprecated since Spark 3.4 and might be removed in "
+                "a future version. Use functionExists(`dbName.tableName`) instead.",
+                FutureWarning,
+            )
         table = self._execute_and_fetch(
             plan.FunctionExists(function_name=functionName, db_name=dbName)
         )
@@ -187,6 +193,12 @@ def getFunction(self, functionName: str) -> Function:
     getFunction.__doc__ = PySparkCatalog.getFunction.__doc__
 
     def listColumns(self, tableName: str, dbName: Optional[str] = None) -> List[Column]:
+        if dbName is not None:
+            warnings.warn(
+                "`dbName` has been deprecated since Spark 3.4 and might be removed in "
+                "a future version. Use listColumns(`dbName.tableName`) instead.",
+                FutureWarning,
+            )
         table = self._execute_and_fetch(plan.ListColumns(table_name=tableName, db_name=dbName))
         return [
             Column(
@@ -203,6 +215,12 @@ def listColumns(self, tableName: str, dbName: Optional[str] = None) -> List[Colu
     listColumns.__doc__ = PySparkCatalog.listColumns.__doc__
 
     def tableExists(self, tableName: str, dbName: Optional[str] = None) -> bool:
+        if dbName is not None:
+            warnings.warn(
+                "`dbName` has been deprecated since Spark 3.4 and might be removed in "
+                "a future version. Use tableExists(`dbName.tableName`) instead.",
+                FutureWarning,
+            )
         table = self._execute_and_fetch(plan.TableExists(table_name=tableName, db_name=dbName))
         return table[0][0].as_py()
 

python/pyspark/sql/connect/functions/builtin.py

@@ -3467,6 +3467,7 @@ def to_timestamp_ntz(
 
 
 def bucket(numBuckets: Union[Column, int], col: "ColumnOrName") -> Column:
+    warnings.warn("Deprecated in 4.0.0, use partitioning.bucket instead.", FutureWarning)
     from pyspark.sql.connect.functions import partitioning
 
     return partitioning.bucket(numBuckets, col)
@@ -3476,6 +3477,7 @@ def bucket(numBuckets: Union[Column, int], col: "ColumnOrName") -> Column:
 
 
 def years(col: "ColumnOrName") -> Column:
+    warnings.warn("Deprecated in 4.0.0, use partitioning.years instead.", FutureWarning)
     from pyspark.sql.connect.functions import partitioning
 
     return partitioning.years(col)
@@ -3485,6 +3487,7 @@ def years(col: "ColumnOrName") -> Column:
 
 
 def months(col: "ColumnOrName") -> Column:
+    warnings.warn("Deprecated in 4.0.0, use partitioning.months instead.", FutureWarning)
     from pyspark.sql.connect.functions import partitioning
 
     return partitioning.months(col)
@@ -3494,6 +3497,7 @@ def months(col: "ColumnOrName") -> Column:
 
 
 def days(col: "ColumnOrName") -> Column:
+    warnings.warn("Deprecated in 4.0.0, use partitioning.days instead.", FutureWarning)
     from pyspark.sql.connect.functions import partitioning
 
     return partitioning.days(col)
@@ -3503,6 +3507,7 @@ def days(col: "ColumnOrName") -> Column:
 
 
 def hours(col: "ColumnOrName") -> Column:
+    warnings.warn("Deprecated in 4.0.0, use partitioning.hours instead.", FutureWarning)
     from pyspark.sql.connect.functions import partitioning
 
     return partitioning.hours(col)